The internal surface roughness of pipe fittings significantly affects fluid flow efficiency, corrosion resistance, and contaminant accumulation. Key factors include:

Surface Roughness and Pressure Drop: Smooth surfaces reduce turbulence and frictional losses, crucial for high-efficiency piping systems.

Electropolishing for Sanitary Applications: Used in pharmaceutical and food-grade fittings to prevent bacterial adhesion.

Protective Coatings: Nickel-phosphorus coatings enhance wear resistance in chemical and offshore applications.