Cryogenic piping systems (handling liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquid nitrogen, and oxygen) require specialized fittings with:

Low-Temperature Toughness: Stainless steel (304L, 316L) and aluminum alloys resist brittle failure at -196°C.

Prevention of Thermal Contraction Issues: Expansion joints and flexible couplings accommodate material shrinkage.

Vacuum-Jacketed Fittings: Minimize heat transfer losses in LNG transportation and aerospace applications.